Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is about the overall environment inside a building, including the air, lighting, and the physical health of the people inside. IEQ is linked to environmental factors that can affect health and is closely related to “Sick Building Syndrome” (SBS). If someone feels unwell inside a building, it might be due to poor IEQ. Poor ventilation, outdoor pollutants, cigarette smoke, mold, asbestos, insects, bacteria, and even gases released from water damage can cause these symptoms. Usually, these issues improve once the person leaves the building.
To fix poor IEQ, it’s necessary to assess the space, find the source of the problem, and stop it. Sometimes, medical attention might be needed for those exposed to these pollutants.
Common Sources of Poor IEQ
- Pollutants brought in from shoes.
- Mold from moisture inside the building.
- Emissions from HVAC systems or fireplaces.
- Cleaning agents.
- Pollutants from labs, factories, or hospitals.
- Vehicle emissions from cars parked outside.
- Gases like methane or radon from soil beneath the building.
- Occupants introducing bacteria, fungi, or viruses.
- Chemical emissions from paints, adhesives, furniture, or office equipment.
Facility managers can improve IEQ by identifying and addressing these sources, using air purifiers, and upgrading HVAC systems. It’s important to consider the building’s entire life cycle when making these improvements.
IEQ vs IAQ
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) refers to the quality of the air people breathe inside a building. While it’s important for health and building design, it’s just one part of IEQ. IAQ focuses on air, while IEQ covers air quality, lighting, temperature, and other factors affecting physical and psychological well-being.
Facility managers need to regularly assess both IEQ and IAQ. Improving IEQ can lead to better occupant health, higher productivity, and a better overall experience for everyone in the building.
Steps to Address Poor IEQ
- Conduct an IEQ Assessment: Work with a professional to identify common contaminants and harmful sources.
- Control Environmental Factors: Ensure that temperature, lighting, and ventilation are managed by authorized personnel.
- Install Operable Windows: Allow occupants to control indoor air quality.
- Consider Office Design: Pay attention to space design, furnishings, and acoustics.
- Isolate Emission-Prone Equipment: Keep printers, copiers, and other chemical-emitting equipment in separate areas.
- Upgrade HVAC Systems: Check filtration and ensure it’s appropriate for the space.
- Use Air Purifiers: These can remove contaminants, improve air quality, and increase air exchanges.
Implications for Facility Managers
Facility managers have a key role in improving indoor quality for the health and well-being of building occupants. By focusing on IEQ, they can boost occupant health, increase productivity, and enhance the overall experience inside the building. Proper maintenance can also lead to cost savings and improved operational efficiency.
By addressing IEQ, facility managers can improve the bottom line by enhancing occupant satisfaction and ensuring a healthier indoor environment.